So far stem borers and termites are considered as the most abundant and economically important field insect pests of maize. Fields planted later favors more damage by the insect pests that have built up in fields that have been planted earlier. There are three main species of stalk borers which attack maize: the African maize stalk borer (also attacks sorghum); the spotted stem borer (also attacks sorghum, bulrush millet, sugarcane and rice) and the African pink stem borer (also attacks finger millet, sugarcane and rice). Damage symptoms: It infests the crop a month after sowing and upto emergence of cobs. Maize plants that do not die as a result of larval damage are reported to produce several bushy and stunted suckers with no marketable ears. Yield losses reported due to stem borers varied greatly but the average yield losses can be estimated between 20 and 50% [15]. Collect the stubbles after harvest and burn to destroy diapausing borers. Unlike other species of stem borers, the pink stem borer lay bare eggs between the leaf sheath and the stem. Maize stem borer (Chilo partellus S.) is most destructive insect pests of maize crop in Pakistan. Eggs are generally laid on lower surface of leaves. Eggs hatch in 3-4 days and the newly hatched larvae crawl inside the leaf whorl and feed in groups. Eggs hatch into caterpillars, which move into the growing points, ... • Apply the above products when damage symptoms are noticed Damage symptoms. High nitrogenous field favors population buildup of the stem borers. Maize was interplanted at the onset of the rainy season. continue to have negative impact in maize production. 3. ), 10.1080/00379271.2006.10697480, 42, 3-4, … Central shoot withering leading to “dead heart” is the typical damage symptom. Bore holes are visible on the stem near the nodes. Abundance of adult and larval/pupal stages of maize stem borers, oviposition preference, foliar damage, borer entry/exit holes, maize plant mortality and stem breakage because of borer damage were significantly greater in the maize monocrop than in the maize-leucaena intercrops. Scientific name: Sesamia inferens. The stems are easily pulled out (Photo 3). The lesser corn stalk borer causes significant crop losses in the US and Central/South America, but it is not well suited to the colder UK climate and is unlikely to cause similar levels of damage here. Newly hatched larvae tunnel down the plant between the leaf sheaths, killing the shoot and causing 'deadhearts'. Symptoms & Life Cycle. Host range – Sorghum, maize, Rice, Wheat, Sugarcane, Bajra, Ragi . Young larva crawls and feeds on tender folded leaves causing typical “shot hole” symptom. Rose Ndemah, Fritz Schulthess, Christian Nolte, The effect of grassy field margins and fertilizer on soil water, plant nutrient levels, stem borer attacks and yield of maize in the humid forest zone of Cameroon, Annales de la Société entomologique de France (N.S. Pink larva enters into the stem causing dead heart symptom similar to that of stem borer… 408, 409, 410). Symptoms are similar to those of other rice stem borers (see Fact Sheets nos. Maize stalk borers are common pests throughout sub-Saharan Africa. Nature of Damage Adult of moth of spotted stem borer prefers 3-5 leaf stage maize for egg laying. Control Of Stalk Borers In Maize Crops Introduction ... Moths fly at night and lay eggs on maize plants between the leaf sheath and the stem on the youngest fully unfolded leaf. Pink stem borer. Crop in Pakistan favors more damage by the insect pests that have built up fields. 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