Thus, there is a relationship between the intermolecular attractions in a liquid the ability of the liquid to evaporate. The liquids that show the most cooling have lost the most molecules due to evaporation. This evaporation is an endothermic process that results in a temperature decrease. Under appropriate conditions, the attractions between all gas molecules will cause them to form liquids or solids. Evaporation occurs when the probe is removed from the container. The strength of the intermolecular forces in isopropyl alcohol are in between water and acetone, but probably closer to acetone because the water took much longer to evaporate. Remember that in a gas the particles have the highest degree of freedom of movement and negligible or weak intermolecular forces. Evaporation occurs when the probe is removed from the liquid’s container. Consider the strength of the forces endobj Thus, there is a relationship between the intermolecular attractions in a liquid the ability of the liquid to evaporate. A phase change is occuring; the liquid water is changing to gaseous water, or steam. Evaporation occurs when the probe is removed from the liquid's container (see figure 1). In this experiment, you will study temperature changes caused by the evaporation of several liquids and This evaporation is an endothermic process that results in a temperature decrease. Chloroform > Benzene > Acetone. You will study the temperature changes caused by the evaporation of several liquids and relate the temperature changes to the strength of intermolecular forces of attraction. This is due to intermolecular forces, not intramolecular forces. Evaporation and Intermolecular Attractions continued of evaporation of a liquid increases at higher temperatures, because more molecules have enough energy to break free of the liquid’s surface. Intermolecular forces hold multiple molecules together and determine many of a substance’s properties. Evaporating molecules carry away thermal energy when they leave a liquid. The magnitude of a temperature decrease is, like viscosity and boiling temperature, related to the strength of intermolecular forces of attraction. Evaporation occurs when the probe is removed from the liquid’s container. Experiment: Evaporation and Intermolecular Attractions Purpose The purpose of this lab activity is to study temperature changes caused by the evaporation of several liquids and relate the temperature changes to the strength of the forces of attraction between molecules of the liquid. Fig1.1 Intermolecular forces Experiment no. The magnitude of a temperature decrease is related to the strength of intermolecular forces of attraction between molecules. Before you perform this experiment, predict the order for the substances from the smallest to greatest temperature change during evaporation. The intermolecular attractions (attractions between the molecules) in the liquid state have to be broken to undergo the phase change and this is accomplished by the absorption of energy as heat. Acetone has the weakest intermolecular forces, so it evaporated most quickly. Figure 1 MATERIALS computer methanol (methyl alcohol) The forces are used to explain the universal attraction between bodies, the physical adsorption of gases, and the cohesion of condensed phases. Intermolecular forces are the attractions between molecules, which determine many of the physical properties of a substance. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. When a pot of water is placed on a burner, it will soon boil. The purpose of this lab was to observe temperature changes caused by the evaporation of ethanol, 1 The uncertainty for the temperature probes was . 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